A stack of white, yellow and green sheets on a wooden parquet surface with a highlighter, a pen and a binder clip, seen from above

Buy a Company in Romania with Due Diligence

Updated 23 October 2026

Read the papers of an existing Romanian SRL before you pay. We coordinate the lawyer, the ANAF notice file and the ONRC filing.

  • Share transfer, no notary
  • ANAF notice within 15 days of the transfer
  • Checks run before you pay
  • Remote ONRC filing with a qualified electronic signature

A purchase is read on paper first: certificates, extracts and accounts before any money moves.

What is included in a purchase

You buy the shares of an existing SRL by the transfer of SRL shares (cesiune de părți sociale). The company, its CUI and its debts stay. Only the owners change.

Shortlist by CUI

We shortlist companies with you by their CUI (cod unic de înregistrare, the tax identification code). For each we look at age, VAT status, object of activity, county, share capital and registered office.

Free register checks

We search the public registers first: ANAF's inactive and VAT registers and the arrears list. Then come the balance sheets, the trade register data and the courts portal.

The seller's pack, checked for completeness

The company hands over its tax certificates, the trade register extract, the REGES-Online staff extracts and its bank proof. We check that nothing is missing before anyone signs.

A Bar-registered lawyer for the legal acts

A Bar-registered lawyer drafts the deed, the members' approval and the updated articles. Drafting them is a reserved activity under art. 3(1)(c) Law 51/1995. We coordinate the lawyer and never draft.

The ANAF notice file

We prepare the notice file. The company, the seller or the buyer files it with ANAF, or a CECCAR accountant or a lawyer acting for them.

The ONRC filing, followed to the entry

The company's legal representative files the change, or an attorney under a notarised power of attorney, or a lawyer. We follow it until the trade register shows the new member.

law the statute that sets the step law (2022 text) the 2022 text of Law 265/2022

RomaniaShelf Solutions selects, assembles, prepares and coordinates, and files nothing with ANAF

  • Bar-registered lawyer

    Drafts the deed, the approval and the updated articles

    law art. 3(1)(c) Law 51/1995
  • The company, the seller or the buyer

    Or a CECCAR accountant or a lawyer acting for them: files the ANAF notice

    law Law 239/2025 art. V
  • The legal representative

    Or an attorney under a power of attorney in authentic form, or a lawyer: files at ONRC

    law (2022 text) art. 79 and 81 Law 265/2022
  • The company's own accounting staff

    Or a CECCAR member: keeps the books

    law art. 10 Law 82/1991
Each step has its own executor: the lawyer drafts, the parties notify ANAF, the representative files at ONRC, we coordinate.

How a purchase runs, step by step

Eight steps from shortlist to register entry. A time limit appears only where a statute sets one.

statutory a term set by statute statutory (2022 text) a term of the 2022 text of Law 265/2022 draft per the draft order of July 2026

from the transfer to the register entry

  1. 1

    The transfer date

  2. 2

    ANAF notice

    • statutory within 15 days of the transfer
    • draft how it is lodged and the 3-working-day certificate
  3. 3

    ONRC filing

    • statutory (2022 text) within 15 days of the act
  4. 4

    Registrar's decision

    • statutory (2022 text) one working day from the application
  5. 5

    ONRC entry

    • statutory the buyer is a member towards third parties

after the entry, two parallel windows

  1. 6

    Creditors

    • statutory 30 days from the Part IV publication
  2. 7

    Guarantee

    • statutory 60 days from registration

The line shows order, not scale: each term runs from the event it names.

Statutory terms from the transfer to the register entry, and the two windows that stay open after registration.
  1. Shortlist and run the free checks

    You and we pick candidate companies by CUI. Then we read the public registers, before we ask the seller for a single document.

  2. Collect the seller's pack

    The company requests its ANAF tax certificate, issued in at most 3 working days and usable 30 days. It also requests its local-tax certificate, issued in at most 2 working days and valid 30 days (art. 158(5) and 159(3) Fiscal Procedure Code).

  3. Check the buyer's side

    Your other companies count towards the micro-enterprise ceiling. Your own cazier fiscal (tax record) bears on a VAT code. The intended administrator must be eligible to serve.

  4. Draft and sign

    A Bar-registered lawyer drafts the papers. A sale to an outsider needs the approval of at least three quarters of the capital, unless the articles differ (art. 202(2) Law 31/1990). The new administrator accepts expressly. The parties sign privately, with no notary.

  5. Notify ANAF

    The company, the seller or the buyer notifies ANAF within 15 days of the transfer (art. V(1)(a) Law 239/2025). Since 9 March 2026, this applies to any SRL member's shares (OUG 13/2026). We prepare the file.

  6. Settle the arrears or arrange the guarantee

    If the certificate shows arrears, they are paid, or a guarantee is posted. The company or the buyer posts cash at the State Treasury, a bank guarantee letter or a surety insurance policy. No mortgage or pledge qualifies.

  7. File at ONRC and wait for the entry

    The change is filed within 15 days of the act. The registrar decides within one working day (Law 265/2022, 2022 text). ONRC requests the tax certificate itself. If there are arrears, ANAF must agree to the guarantee.

  8. After the entry

    You are a member towards third parties from the entry. Update the beneficial owner within 15 days of the change (art. 56(3) Law 129/2019). Keep a Romanian payment account, and file further changes through our post-purchase company changes service.

Want the checks assembled before you pay?

Name a company or a profile. We assemble the free checks and the seller's pack before any money changes hands.

The due-diligence pack, check by check

The pack covers documents and registers. It is not a legal, tax or financial audit. Free registers come first, and searching the Romanian trade register has its own guide.

A man in a blue suit, seen from the chest down, resting a hand on an open black ring binder of documents
Three issuers. ANAF takes at most 3 working days, and its certificate is usable 30 days. The local tax office takes at most 2 working days, and its certificate is valid 30 days. The third is ONRC.
The due-diligence pack. Sources: Fiscal Procedure Code art. 158 to 160 (ANAF consolidation 2026). Law 265/2022, 2022 text. Law 70/2015 as amended by Law 239/2025.
CheckIssuerFree or from the sellerTerm and validityWhat it shows, and what it does not
ANAF tax certificate (certificat de atestare fiscală)ANAFFrom the company; a prospective buyer only with the company's express consent (art. 160(1)); for the transfer itself the seller or the buyer may ask (art. V(2) Law 239/2025)At most 3 working days; usable 30 days (art. 158(5) Fiscal Procedure Code)Overdue tax on the last day of the month before the request (art. 158(2)): a snapshot, not a clearance from a future audit. More in the ANAF tax certificate guide
Local-tax certificateLocal tax office of the sector or townFrom the companyAt most 2 working days; valid 30 days (art. 159(3))Overdue local obligations and, as the case may be, those falling due until the first day of the next month (art. 159(2))
ONRC extract (certificat constatator)ONRCPaid; the fee is set by order of the Minister of Justice (art. 11(7) Law 265/2022)No term in the texts readThe data entered in the trade register (art. 11(1)), including the status: active, dissolved, in liquidation, in insolvency, in bankruptcy or suspended (art. 3(1)(i))
ONRC status data and the Trade Register BulletinONRCFreeBulletin within 3 working days of registration (art. 15(2))Name, seat, register number, CUI, status and legal representatives (art. 12(1)); the registrar's decisions
Inactive and VAT registersANAFFree: the ANAF register of inactive taxpayers and the VAT registerOnline: the inactive register by fiscal code or name, the VAT register by fiscal codeWhether the company is tax-inactive and whether it is registered for VAT under art. 316 Fiscal Code, on the day of the lookup
Published arrears listANAFFreeQuarterly (art. 162(1))Totals above ANAF's thresholds only (100,000 lei for other legal persons): smaller arrears do not appear in it
Balance sheetsMinistry of FinanceFree: the Ministry of Finance lookup of balance sheetsThe last six years, by CUI or nameThe figures as the company filed them
LitigationCourtsFree: the courts portalOnline case searchCases on the courts' roll; the search does not promise to find every case
REGES-Online staff extractsLabour InspectorateFrom the seller or the company's authorised user: an account needs authorisation and a valid Romanian personal number (CNP)No term in the texts readExtracts per employee, the employee list, contracts and terminations
Bank statements and payment-account proofThe company's bankFrom the sellerA Romanian payment account at all times from 1 January 2026 (art. 1(1^2) and (1^3) Law 70/2015, inserted by Law 239/2025)Whether the company meets the account duty; without an account the fine is 3,000 to 10,000 lei (art. 12(4))

Documents to collect and sign

Collect these for the lawyer, ONRC and the bank. They come on top of the registers in the table above.

From the seller

  • The registered-office title and its expiry date
  • The last annual accounts filed
  • The beneficial-owner (beneficiar real) declaration in force
  • The articles and the register of members (registrul asociaților)
  • A list of pending cases

From the buyer

  • An identity document, which the lawyer, the registrar and the bank each check
  • A power of attorney in authentic form, or a QES to sign and file online
  • Foreign official documents: apostille or superlegalisation, unless a treaty or EU rule removes it
  • A legalised Romanian translation of each foreign document (art. 76 Law 265/2022)
  • A company buyer: its registration data, the purchase resolution, the representative's power
  • Your cazier fiscal (tax record) where the company holds a VAT code
Hands holding a brown paper envelope, a person in a white T-shirt seen from the chest down
Papers for the lawyer, ONRC and the bank are collected before anyone signs.

Shelf SRL or trading company: the checks that differ

Two products sell under one name, and an aged Romanian SRL may be either. The table lists what each adds to the checks, not which to choose.

Checks by kind of company. Sources: Law 31/1990, text of January 2024 with the Law 239/2025 changes. Law 239/2025 art. VI.
CheckShelf SRL that never tradedTrading companySource
Employees and contractsThe REGES-Online extracts should show an empty employee listThe employee list, the contracts and the terminations, from the REGES-Online extractsREGES-Online employer extracts
Pending casesA search of the courts portal by company nameThe same search, plus the seller's list of pending casesCourts portal
Balance sheets and carried lossesFew or no filed years to readSix years of filings; with carried losses, dividends come from current-year profit only after the legal reserves and the cover of the lossArt. 69^1(1) Law 31/1990, inserted by Law 239/2025
Capital by turnoverNo turnover, so the 5,000 lei rule does not bite; no minimum is set for an existing SRL at or below 400,000 leiAbove 400,000 lei net turnover in the previous year's accounts: 5,000 lei, reached by 18 December 2027Art. VI(1) and VI(6) Law 239/2025
Net assets below half the capitalThe test on the last balance sheetThe same test: a fine of 10,000 to 200,000 lei, enforced against SRLs from 2027Art. 153^24(4^1) to (4^5) Law 31/1990, inserted by Law 239/2025
Registered-office titleThe title and its expiry dateThe title and its expiry dateThe seller's pack

What you inherit and what the law can remove

Debts stay with the company, and some attributes can be lost. If the company turns out unwanted, liquidating a company in Romania is the exit.

What stays and what can go. Sources: Law 31/1990, text of January 2024. Fiscal Procedure Code and Fiscal Code, ANAF consolidations of 2026. Law 265/2022, 2022 text.
ItemRuleSource
The company's debtsThey stay with the company, and its assets guarantee themArt. 3(1) Law 31/1990
Your liability as a memberUp to the subscribed capital, unless limited liability is abused in fraud of creditors: then a member answers without limit for a dissolved or liquidated company's unpaid debtsArt. 3(3) and 237^1(3) Law 31/1990
The former administratorJointly liable for taxes they caused, in bad faith, not to be declared or paid at maturity, for their own period onlyArt. 25(2)(d) and 25(5) Fiscal Procedure Code
Creditors30 days from the Part IV publication to oppose an amendment of the articles; the transfer-specific opposition was repealed on 5 November 2020Art. 62(1) and 202(2^1) Law 31/1990
Active statusInactive after a calendar half-year without declarations, with no Romanian payment account, or with annual accounts more than 5 months late; dissolved if not reactivated within one year; while inactive, the company and its customers lose the deduction of expenses and VAT. More on a company declared inactive by ANAFArt. 92(1)(a) and 92(4^1) Fiscal Procedure Code; Law 239/2025 art. I; art. 11(6)-(7) Fiscal Code
CUIKept for the company's whole existence; a transfer does not end the company, so the CUI does not changeArt. 127(2) Law 265/2022; art. 90(3) Fiscal Procedure Code
VAT codeNever promised. Cancelled from the date of inactivity; after 6 consecutive months (2 quarters) with no VAT return, or with returns showing no purchases and no supplies; or where the sole or majority member (50% or more) or an administrator has listed offences in the cazier fiscalArt. 316(11)(a), (c)(2), (d) and (e) Fiscal Code; norms pt. 88(18)
Micro-enterprise regime1% of revenue; ceiling EUR 100,000 from 1 January 2026 (EUR 250,000 for 2025), counted with linked enterprises (întreprinderi legate); one designated micro where members hold over 25%; a second micro bought mid-year: the members choose which leaves, from that quarter; at least one employee, or an administrator paid at least the gross minimum wage under a mandate contractArt. 47(1)(g) and (h), 47(1^1), 51(1), 51(4)(b), 52(7) and 54(3) Fiscal Code
Share capital5,000 lei by 18 December 2027 where the previous year's net turnover passed 400,000 lei; no minimum is set for an existing SRL at or below that turnover (a new SRL needs 500 lei)Art. VI(1), (2) and (6) Law 239/2025
Payment account and beneficial ownerA Romanian payment account at all times, fine 3,000 to 10,000 lei; the beneficial-owner declaration updated within 15 days of the change, fine 5,000 to 10,000 lei on the legal representativeArt. 1(1^2), 1(1^3) and 12(4) Law 70/2015; art. 56(3) and 57(1) Law 129/2019

Found something in the pack?

Describe the debt, the status or the missing document you found. Ask us to review the file before anything is signed.

A shelf SRL as a holding company

A shelf SRL can hold shares in other companies. The guide to holding activities under their CAEN code goes further. The rules below are profit-tax rules.

Two grey apartment blocks seen across rooftops under an overcast sky
A shelf SRL can hold shares in other companies. The rules below are profit-tax rules.

The holding pays profit tax

Profit tax is 16% (art. 17 Fiscal Code, 2026). The exemptions below are profit-tax rules. A micro-enterprise is taxed at 1% of revenue instead (art. 51(1)).

Dividends received and gains on a subsidiary

For profit tax, dividends received from a Romanian legal person are non-taxable (art. 23(a)). The gain on shares held at 10% or more for an uninterrupted year is non-taxable too (art. 23(i)).

Dividends between Romanian companies

These dividends fall outside the dividend tax where the recipient has held 10% or more for a full year at payment (art. 43(4)). Both companies must also pay profit tax without option or exception, or a substitute tax. Otherwise the tax is 16%.

Dividends paid onward

From 1 January 2026, dividends to an individual bear 16% (art. 97(7)). Dividends to a non-resident bear the same 16% before treaty relief (art. 224(4)(b)). An EU parent is exempt after holding at least 10% for an uninterrupted year ending on the payment date. It must also meet the form, residence and tax conditions (art. 229(1)(c)).

A micro SRL: left open

Under the Code's wording, it is open whether the 1% micro tax substitutes profit tax for these dividend exemptions. This page neither promises nor denies it.

Frequently asked questions

How much does it cost to buy a company in Romania?

Our fees are quoted on request, once we know the company and the work around it. The ready-made catalogue is the only place on this site with prices, and those are shelf prices. The ONRC extract's fee is set by order of the Minister of Justice. This page quotes no ONRC fee.

What if the company has hidden debts?

The ANAF tax certificate shows overdue tax on the last day of the month before the request. It is usable for 30 days (art. 158(2) and 158(5) Fiscal Procedure Code). ANAF's published arrears list shows only debts above its thresholds. At registration, ONRC requests the certificate itself. With arrears, ANAF's agreement to a guarantee must be shown.

Do I take over the company's debts, and does the former administrator walk away clean?

The debts stay with the company. A member answers only up to the subscribed capital, unless limited liability is abused in fraud of creditors (art. 3 and 237^1(3) Law 31/1990). The former administrator stays jointly liable for taxes they caused, in bad faith, not to be declared or paid, for their own period only (art. 25 Fiscal Procedure Code).

Can the company become inactive, and do the CUI and VAT code survive?

ANAF declares a company inactive after a calendar half-year without declarations. No Romanian payment account, or accounts over 5 months late, also count. The company is dissolved if not reactivated within a year. The CUI stays for the company's whole existence. We do not promise the VAT code: inactivity, silence, empty returns or the buyer's cazier fiscal can cancel it.

Will the company keep the 1% micro tax?

Not automatically. The EUR 100,000 revenue ceiling (from 1 January 2026) includes the buyer's linked enterprises. Where members hold over 25%, only one designated micro qualifies. A second micro bought mid-year forces a choice. The company needs at least one employee, or an administrator paid at least the gross minimum wage under a mandate contract (art. 47(1)(g), 51(4)(b), 52(7) Fiscal Code).

Will I have to raise the capital?

Only where the previous year's accounts show net turnover above 400,000 lei. The minimum is then 5,000 lei, reached by 18 December 2027 (art. VI(1) and VI(6) Law 239/2025). The text sets no minimum for an existing SRL at or below that turnover. The 500 lei minimum applies to a new SRL.

Can a foreigner buy a private company in Romania?

The texts cited on this page set no nationality or residence condition on a member of an SRL. Persons who cannot be founders under art. 6(2) Law 31/1990 cannot be administrators either (art. 73^1(1)). Since 2020, one person may be sole member of several SRLs. A buyer may already own others.

Do I need a notary, and when do I own the company?

No notary. The authentic form is compulsory in three listed cases, and a share transfer is not one of them (art. 204(2) Law 31/1990). A Bar-registered lawyer drafts the deed. Towards third parties, you are a member from the ONRC entry. The change is filed within 15 days, and the registrar decides within one working day (2022 text).

What does the ANAF rule on share transfers require?

Since 9 March 2026 (OUG 13/2026), it covers the transfer of any SRL member's shares. The company, the seller or the buyer notifies ANAF within 15 days. With arrears, a guarantee is shown at ONRC. It is enforced if the arrears stay unpaid 60 days after registration (Law 239/2025 art. V). Lodging details follow the July 2026 draft.

Which checks are free and which need the seller?

Free: ANAF's inactive and VAT registers, the published arrears list (debts above ANAF's thresholds only) and Ministry of Finance balance sheets. Also free: ONRC status data, the Trade Register Bulletin and the courts portal. From the seller or company: the ANAF and local-tax certificates and the REGES-Online extracts. A prospective buyer gets the first only with the company's express consent.

Can I buy without travelling?

An attorney under a power of attorney in authentic form can file the change, or a lawyer. Online filing with a qualified electronic signature under an eIDAS-listed scheme is also possible (art. 79, 81 and 83 Law 265/2022). Foreign documents carry an apostille or superlegalisation, unless a treaty or EU rule removes it. A legalised Romanian translation is always needed.

Can a shelf SRL be a holding company?

As a profit-tax payer, its dividends from Romanian companies are non-taxable. Its gains on holdings of 10% or more kept for an uninterrupted year are non-taxable too (art. 23(a) and (i) Fiscal Code). Dividends between Romanian companies fall outside the dividend tax on conditions (art. 43(4)). Whether a micro SRL gets these exemptions is open.

What are the steps to buy a company in Romania?

Shortlist the company, run the free checks, collect the seller's pack and have a Bar-registered lawyer draft the papers. The ANAF notice follows within 15 days of the transfer. Then any arrears are settled or a guarantee arranged. The ONRC filing comes within 15 days of the act (2022 text). You are a member towards third parties from the entry.

What taxes does a company I buy pay?

Profit tax is 16% (art. 17 Fiscal Code), or 1% of revenue under the micro regime where its conditions are met. Dividends distributed from 1 January 2026 to an individual bear a 16% final tax. The 10% rate stays only for dividends on 2025 interim accounts. Advice on your own case belongs to a CCF-registered tax consultant.

Ready to see the pack for a company?

Name the company or the profile you are after. We come back with the checks its pack needs and who supplies each document.